Arabic Online

ARABIC ONLINE

        اللّغة العربيّة    

Arabic Online

 

• Welcome!

• Varieties of Arabic

• Alphabet

• Pronunciation

• Words

• Vowels

• Reading out

• Syllables

• Stress

• Rules of Pause

• Writing of Letter 'alif

• Sibawayh's phonology

• Roots

• Nouns

• Irregular Nouns

• Declension

• Noun Gender

• Feminine Markers

• Singular Nouns

• Dual Nouns

• Plural Nouns

• Sound Masculine Plural Nouns

• Sound Feminine Plural Nouns

• Irregular Plural Nouns

• Articles

• Case Inflection

• Case Endings

• The Six Nouns

• Noonation

• Adjectives

• Genitive Construction

• Am/Is/Are Sentences

• Verbs

• Irregular Verbs

• Verb Forms

• Perfective Verbs

• Perfective Conjugation

• Irregular Perfective Conjugation

• Imperfective Verbs

• Imperfective Conjugation

• Irregular Imperfective Conjugation

• Moods

• Subjunctive Mood

• Jussive Mood

• MoodSigns

• Energetic Mood

• Imperative Mood

• Passive Voice

• Passive Perfective Verbs

• Passive Imperfective Verbs

• Passive of Irregular Verbs

• Subject Pronouns

• Object Pronouns

• Demonstratives

• Relative Pronouns

• Sentences

• To Have

• Incomplete Verbs

• Frozen Verbs

• Verb-Like Particles

• Negation

• Present Negative

• Past Negative

• Future Negative

• Negation+Exclusion Style

• Interrogation

• Yes/No Questions

• Interrogative Pronouns

• Polite Request

• Introductory Particles

• Infinitival/Indefinite maa

• Inactive Particles

• Vocative Particles

• Praise & Disparagement

• Derived Nouns

• Verbal Nouns

• Active Participles

• Participle-like Adjectives

• Place-nouns

• Tool-nouns

• Diminutives

• Vocabulary

• Dialects

• Survival Phrases

 

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Week Days

 

 

A day

yawm(un) (masc.)

يَوْمٌ

Days

'ayyaam(un) (fem.)

أَيَّاْمٌ

A week

'usboo"(un) (masc.)

أُسْبُوْعٌ

Weeks

'asaabee"(u) (fem.)

أَسَاْبِيْعُ

 

Days of the Week

أَيَّاْمُ الأُسْبُوْعِ

Saturday

yawm(u) ('a)s-sabt(i)

يَوْمُ السَّبْتِ

Sunday

yawm(u) ('a)l-'ahad(i)

يَوْمُ الأَحَدِ

Monday

yawm(u) ('a)l-'ithnayn(i)

يَوْمُ الاِثْنَيْنِ

Tuesday

yawm(u) ('a)th-thulaathaa'(i)

يَوْمُ الثُّلاثَاْءِ

Wednesday

yawm(u) ('a)l-'arbi"aa'(i)

يَوْمُ الأَرْبِعْاْءِ

Thursday

yawm(u) ('a)l-khamees(i)

يَوْمُ الخَمِيْسِ

Friday

yawm(u) ('a)l-jum"a(ti)

يَوْمُ الجُمْعَةِ

*Omitting the word يَوْمُ is common.

 

 

Months

 

A month

shahr(un) (masc.)

شَهْرٌ

Months

'ashhur(un) (fem.)

أَشْهُرٌ

shuhoor(un) (fem.)

شُهُوْرٌ

A year

sana(tun) (fem.)

سَنَةٌ

"aam(un) (masc.)

عَاْمٌ

Years

sinoon(a) (fem.)

سِنُوْنَ

sanawaat(un) (fem.)

سَنَوَاْتٌ

'a"waam(un) (fem.)

أَعْوَاْمٌ

 

 

1. Syriac Calendar

Used in Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, and Palestine.

 

Syriac Calendar

أَشْهُرُ السَّنَةِ السُّرْيَاْنِيَّةُ

January

kaanoon(u) ('a)th-thaanee

كَاْنُوْنُ الثَّاْنِيْ

February

shubaat(u)

شُبَاْطُ

March

'aathaar(u)

آذَاْرُ

April

naysaan(u)

نَيْسَاْنُ

May

'ayyaar(u)

أَيَّاْرُ

June

hazeeraan(u)

حَزِيْرَاْنُ

July

tammooz(u)

تَمُّوْزُ

August

'aab(un)

آبٌ

September

'aylool(u)

أَيْلُوْلُ

October

tishreen(u) ('a)l-'awwal(u)

تِشْرِيْنُ الأَوَّلُ

November

tishreen(u) ('a)th-thaanee

تِشْرِيْنُ الثَّاْنِيْ

December

kaanoon(u) ('a)l-'awwal(u)

كَاْنُوْنُ الأَوَّلُ

 

 

 2. Gregorian Calendar

Used, with slight variations in spelling of months' names, in the rest of Arab countries except Libya and Saudi Arabia.

Note that names of Latin months are often pronounced in the English or French way of pronouncing these names, and not the Arabized way mentioned below.

 

Gregorian Calendar

أَشْهُرُ السَّنَةِ المِيْلادِيَّةِ

January

yanaayir(u)

يَنَاْيِرُ

February

fibraayir(u)

فِبْرَاْيِرُ

March

maaris(u)

مَاْرِسُ

April

'abreel(u)

أَبْرِيْلُ

May

maayoo

مَاْيُوْ

June

yooniyoo

يُوْنِيُوْ

July

yooliyoo

يُوْلِيُوْ

August

'urustus(u)

أُغُسْطُسُ

September

sibtimbar(u)

سِبْتِمْبَرُ

October

'uktoobar(u)

أُكْتُوْبَرُ

November

noofimbar(u)

نُوْفِمْبَرُ

December

deesimbar(u)

دِيْسِمْبَرُ

 

 

3. Hegira Calendar

A lunar calendar, the calendar of ancient Arabs and of the Islamic civilization. It is used officially only in Saudi Arabia.

 

Hegira Calendar

أَشْهُرُ السَّنَةِ الهِجْرِيَّةِ

Muharram

'al-muharram(u)

الْمُحَرَّمُ

Safar

safar(un)

صَفَرٌ

Rabi I

rabee"(un) ('a)l-'awwal(u)

رَبِيْعٌ الأَوَّلُ

Rabi II

rabee"(un) ('a)l-'aakhir(u)

رَبِيْعٌ الآخِرُ

Jumada I

jumaadaa ('a)l-'oolaa

جُمَاْدَىْ الأُوْلَىْ

Jumada II

jumaadaa ('a)l-'aakhira(tu)

جُمَاْدَىْ الآخِرَةُ

Rajab

rajab(un)

رَجَبٌ

Shaban

sha"baan(u)

شَعْبَاْنُ

Ramadan

ramadaan(u)

رَمَضَاْنُ

Shawwal

shawwaal(un)

شَوَّاْلٌ

Dhu al-Qadah

thoo ('a)l-qi"da(ti)

ذُوْ القِعْدَةِ

Dhu al-Hijjah

thoo ('a)l-hijja(ti)

ذُوْ الحِجَّةِ

 

 

 

Seasons

 

 

A season

fasl(un) (masc.)

فَصْلٌ

Seasons

fusool(un) (fem.)

فُصُوْلٌ

 

Seasons of the Year

فُصُوْلُ السَّنَةِ

Summer

fasl(u) ('a)s-sayf(i)

فَصْلُ الصَّيْفِ

Fall

fasl(u) ('a)l-khareef(i)

فَصْلُ الخَرِيْفِ

Winter

fasl(u) ('a)sh-shitaa'(i)

فَصْلُ الشِّتَاْءِ

Spring

fasl(u) ('a)r-rabee"(i)

فَصْلُ الرَّبِيْعِ

 

When the word fasl(u) = "(the) season (of)" is omitted, the cases have to be changed to the nominative or raf" case.

 

Seasons of the Year

فُصُوْلُ السَّنَةِ

Summer

('a)s-sayf(u)

الصَّيْفُ

Fall

('a)l-khareef(u)

الخَرِيْفُ

Winter

('a)sh-shitaa'(u)

الشِّتَاْءُ

Spring

('a)r-rabee"(u)

الرَّبِيْعُ

 

 

Note: any Arabic noun word (or adjective) is either a definite noun (has the definite article) or an indefinite noun (has the indefinite declension "Noonation"). Some definite nouns do not need to have the definite article (e.g. proper names). Some indefinite nouns cannot take the indefinite declension (the "forbidden to Noonation nouns"). Proper names (especially people's names) will usually take Noonation even though they are definite. Note that the declension of a noun (case sign + Noonation if required) is an essential part of the word that cannot be omitted in proper Arabic. Adding the right declension is obligatory at all times. However, they are frequently overlooked by people who find them too difficult.