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Pronouns (continued)

2. Object Pronouns Attached to Dual Nouns

In the genitive construction section, we saw that the noun declensions which have noon ن at their ends (dual and masculine plural) must lose the noon when they are the first part of a genitive construction. This is still true here.

As we mentioned in the previous page, the form -y(a) of the 1st person singular pronoun must be used instead of the standard -ee when adding the pronoun to dual or masculine plural nouns.

1) 'ar-raf" Case

Noun: kitaabaan(i) = two books كِتَاْبَاْنِ ('ar-raf" Case)
Meaning	literal translation	Example
My two books	kitaabaa-y(a) = (the) two books (of) me	كِتَاْبَاْيَ
Your two books (sing. masc.)	kitaabaa-k(a) = (the) two books (of) you	كِتَاْبَاْكَ
Your two books (sing. fem.)	kitaabaa-k(i) = (the) two books (of) you	كِتَاْبَاْكِ
His two books	kitaabaa-h(u) = (the) two books (of) him	كِتَاْبَاْهُ
Her two books	kitaabaa-haa = (the) two books (of) her	كِتَاْبَاْهَاْ
Your two books (dual)	kitaabaa-kumaa = (the) two books (of) them	كِتَاْبَاْكُمَاْ
Their two books (dual)	kitaabaa-humaa = (the) two books (of) them	كِتَاْبَاْهُمَاْ
Our two books	kitaabaa-naa = (the) two books (of) us	كِتَاْبَاْنَاْ
Your two books (plu. masc.)	kitaabaa-kum = (the) two books (of) you	كِتَاْبَاْكُمْ
Your two books (plu. fem.)	kitaabaa-kunn(a) = (the) two books (of) you	كِتَاْبَاْكُنَّ
Their two books (plu. masc.)	kitaabaa-hum = (the) two books (of) them	كِتَاْبَاْهُمْ
Their two books (plu. fem.)	kitaabaa-hunn(a) = (the) two books (of) them	كِتَاْبَاْهُنَّ

2) 'an-nasb & 'al-jarr Cases

In these cases the case-sign will be -ay, which will lead to bad combinations with the third person pronouns and thus changes will be made.

Noun: kitaabayn(i) = two books كِتَاْبَيْنِ (Object Case)
Meaning	literal translation	Example
My two books	kitaabay-y(a) = (the) two books (of) me	كِتَاْبَيَّ
Your two books (sing. masc.)	kitaabay-k(a) = (the) two books (of) you	كِتَاْبَيْكَ
Your two books (sing. fem.)	kitaabay-k(i) = (the) two books (of) you	كِتَاْبَيْكِ
His two books	kitaabay-h(i) = (the) two books (of) him	كِتَاْبَيْهِ
Her two books	kitaabay-haa = (the) two books (of) her	كِتَاْبَيْهَاْ
Your two books (dual)	kitaabay-kumaa = (the) two books (of) them	كِتَاْبَيْكُمَاْ
Their two books (dual)	kitaabay-himaa = (the) two books (of) them	كِتَاْبَيْهِمَاْ
Our two books	kitaabay-naa = (the) two books (of) us	كِتَاْبَيْنَاْ
Your two books (plu. masc.)	kitaabay-kum = (the) two books (of) you	كِتَاْبَيْكُمْ
Your two books (plu. fem.)	kitaabay-kunn(a) = (the) two books (of) you	كِتَاْبَيْكُنَّ
Their two books (plu. masc.)	kitaabya-him = (the) two books (of) them	كِتَاْبَيْهِمْ
Their two books (plu. fem.)	kitaabay-hinn(a) = (the) two books (of) them	كِتَاْبَيْهِنَّ

3. Object Pronouns Attached to Masculine Plural Nouns

The noon ن at the end of masculine plural nouns must go away when they form the first part of a genitive construction.

The form -y(a) of the 1st person singular pronoun must be used instead of -ee .

1) 'ar-raf" Case

The -oo sign of this case will be turned to -ee when attaching the 1st person singular pronoun -ee to the noun. Euphony is the only reason behind this transformation and it does not mean that the case-sign has changed, nor has the case of the noun which is still the subject case.

mu"allimoon(a)	مُعَلِّمُوْنَ
mu"allimoo-y(a)	مُعَلِّمُوْيَ
mu"allimee-y(a)	مُعَلِّمِيَّ

Noun: mu"allimoon(a) = teachers مُعَلِّمُوْنَ ('ar-raf" Case)
Meaning	literal translation	Example
My teachers	mu"allimee-y(a) = (the) teachers (of) me	مُعَلِّمِيَّ
Your teachers (sing. masc.)	mu"allimoo-k(a) = (the) teachers (of) you	مُعَلِّمُوْكَ
Your teachers (sing. fem.)	mu"allimoo-k(i) = (the) teachers (of) you	مُعَلِّمُوْكِ
His teachers	mu"allimoo-h(u) = (the) teachers (of) him	مُعَلِّمُوْهُ
Her teachers	mu"allimoo-haa = (the) teachers (of) her	مُعَلِّمُوْهَاْ
Your teachers (dual)	mu"allimoo-kumaa = (the) teachers (of) them	مُعَلِّمُوْكُمَاْ
Their teachers (dual)	mu"allimoo-humaa = (the) teachers (of) them	مُعَلِّمُوْهُمَاْ
Our teachers	mu"allimoo-naa = (the) teachers (of) us	مُعَلِّمُوْنَاْ
Your teachers (plu. masc.)	mu"allimoo-kum = (the) teachers (of) you	مُعَلِّمُوْكُمْ
Your teachers (plu. fem.)	mu"allimoo-kunn(a) = (the) teachers (of) you	مُعَلِّمُوْكُنَّ
Their teachers (plu. masc.)	mu"allimoo-hum= (the) teachers (of) them	مُعَلِّمُوْهُمْ
Their teachers (plu. fem.)	mu"allimoo-hunn(a) = (the) teachers (of) them	مُعَلِّمُوْهُنَّ

2) 'an-nasb & 'al-jarr Cases

In these cases the sign will be -ee, which will lead to bad combinations with the the third person pronouns and thus there will be changes.

Noun: mu"allimeen(a) = teachers مُعَلِّمِيْنَ (Object Case)
Meaning	literal translation	Example
My teachers	mu"allimee-y(a) = (the) teachers (of) me	مُعَلِّمِيَّ
Your teachers (sing. masc.)	mu"allimee-k(a) = (the) teachers (of) you	مُعَلِِّّمِيْكَ
Your teachers (sing. fem.)	mu"allimee-k(i) = (the) teachers (of) you	مُعَلِِّّمِيْكِ
His teachers	mu"allimee-h(i) = (the) teachers (of) him	مُعَلِّّمِيْهِ
Her teachers	mu"allimee-haa = (the) teachers (of) her	مُعَلِّّمِيْهَاْ
Your teachers (dual)	mu"allimee-kumaa = (the) teachers (of) them	مُعَلِِّّمِيْكُمَاْ
Their teachers (dual)	mu"allimee-himaa = (the) teachers (of) them	مُعَلِّّمِيْهِمَاْ
Our teachers	mu"allimee-naa = (the) teachers (of) us	مُعَلِِّّمِيْنَاْ
Your teachers (plu. masc.)	mu"allimee-kum = (the) teachers (of) you	مُعَلِِّّمِيْكُمْ
Your teachers (plu. fem.)	mu"allimee-kunn(a) = (the) teachers (of) you	مُعَلِِّّمِيْكُنَّ
Their teachers (plu. masc.)	mu"allimee-him= (the) teachers (of) them	مُعَلِّّمِيْهِمْ
Their teachers (plu. fem.)	mu"allimee-hinn(a) = (the) teachers (of) them	مُعَلِِّّمِيْهِنَّ

Feminine plural and irregular plural nouns will behave just like regular nouns when attached to object pronouns.

Forms of the 1st Person Singular Object Pronoun With Attachment to Nouns
Singular Nouns	Not Ending With Long Vowel	-ee
		-y(a) in Classical Arabic (Koran)
	Ending With Long Vowel	-y(a)
Dual Nouns	-y(a)
Plural Nouns	-y(a)

4. Object Pronouns Attached to Noun Prepositions

Many prepositions in Arabic are nouns, and they can be attached to pronouns to form genitive constructions just like any other nouns.

Examples:

In front of him	'amaama-h(u) (in) (the) front (of) him	أَمَاْمَهُ
Behind her	khalfa-haa (in) (the) back (of) her	خَلْفَهَاْ
Underneath us	tahta-naa (in) (the) underneath (of) us	تَحْتَنَاْ
After you (plu. masc.)	ba"da-kum (in) (the) "after" (of) you	بَعْدَكُمْ
Before them (plu. fem.)	qabla-hunn(a) (in) (the) "before" (of) them	قَبْلَهُنَّ

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