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Verbs

Passive Voice (continued)

Imperfective Structures

 

 

Structures of the Imperfective Verb

(Active-Indicative)

Form I

yaf"al(u)

يَفْعَلُ

yaf"il(u)

يَفْعِلُ

yaf"ul(u)

يَفْعُلُ

Form II

yufa''"il(u)

يُفَعِّلُ

Form III

yufaa"il(u)

يُفَاْعِلُ

Form IV

yuf"il(u)

يُفْعِلُ

Form V

yatafa''"al(u)

يَتَفَعَّلُ

Form VI

yatafaa"al(u)

يَتَفَاْعَلُ

Form VII

yanfa"il(u)

يَنْفَعِلُ

Form VIII

yafta"il(u)

يَفْتَعِلُ

Form IX

yaf"all(u)

يَفْعَلُّ

Form X

yastaf"il(u)

يَسْتَفْعِلُ

Form XI

yaf"aall(u)

يَفْعَاْلُّ

Form XII

yaf"aw"il(u)

يَفْعَوْعِلُ

Form XIII

yaf"awwil(u)

يَفْعَوِّلُ

Form XIV

yaf"anlil(u)

يَفْعَنْلِلُ

Form XV

yaf"anliy

يَفْعَنْلِيْ

Form QII

yatafa"lal(u)

يَتَفَعْلَلُ

Form QI

yufa"lil(u)

يُفَعْلِلُ

Form QIII

yaf"anlil(u)

يَفْعَنْلِلُ

Form QIV

yaf"alill(u)

يَفْعَلِلُّ

 

In fact, we already mentioned how to turn the active imperfective verbs to passive while we were talking about the imperfective structures.

This is done by modifying two elements in the structures:

  1. The short vowel of the pronominal prefix (i.e. the a in 'a-, ta- ya- & na-) will be changed to u (if is not already).

  2. The short vowel between the final two letters of the verb stem (the green short vowel) will be changed to a.

Or, in the terminology of this site, the imperfective passive verbs are all Yu-a verbs.

Structures of the Imperfective Verb

(Indicative Mood)

 

Passive Voice

Active Voice

Form I

yuf"al(u)

يُفْعَلُ

yaf"al(u)

يَفْعَلُ

yaf"il(u)

يَفْعِلُ

yaf"ul(u)

يَفْعُلُ

Form II

yufa''"al(u)

يُفَعَّلُ

yufa''"il(u)

يُفَعِّلُ

Form III

yufaa"al(u)

يُفَاْعَلُ

yufaa"il(u)

يُفَاْعِلُ

Form IV

yuf"al(u)

يُفْعَلُ

yuf"il(u)

يُفْعِلُ

Form V

yutafa''"al(u)

يُتَفَعَّلُ

yatafa''"al(u)

يَتَفَعَّلُ

Form VI

yutafaa"al(u)

يُتَفَاْعَلُ

yatafaa"al(u)

يَتَفَاْعَلُ

Form VII

yunfa"al(u)

يُنْفَعَلُ

yanfa"il(u)

يَنْفَعِلُ

Form VIII

yufta"al(u)

يُفْتَعَلُ

yafta"il(u)

يَفْتَعِلُ

Form IX

yuf"all(u)

يُفْعَلُّ

yaf"all(u)

يَفْعَلُّ

Form X

yustaf"al(u)

يُسْتَفْعَلُ

yastaf"il(u)

يَسْتَفْعِلُ

Form XI

yuf"aall(u)

يُفْعَاْلُّ

yaf"aall(u)

يَفْعَاْلُّ

Form XII

yuf"aw"al(u)

يُفْعَوْعَلُ

yaf"aw"il(u)

يَفْعَوْعِلُ

Form XIII

yuf"awwal(u)

يُفْعَوِّلُ

yaf"awwil(u)

يَفْعَوِّلُ

Form XIV

yuf"anlal(u)

يُفْعَنْلَلُ

yaf"anlil(u)

يَفْعَنْلِلُ

Form XV

yuf"anlaa

يُفْعَنْلَىْ*

yaf"anliy

يَفْعَنْلِيْ

Form QI

yutafa"lal(u)

يُتَفَعْلَلُ

yatafa"lal(u)

يَتَفَعْلَلُ

Form QII

yufa"lal(u)

يُفَعْلَلُ

yufa"lil(u)

يُفَعْلِلُ

Form QIII

yuf"anlal(u)

يُفْعَنْلَلُ

yaf"anlil(u)

يَفْعَنْلِلُ

Form QIV

yuf"alall(u)

يُفْعَلَلُّ

yaf"alill(u)

يَفْعَلِلُّ

*Form XV is a defective-verb-like. The final weak A of this form will be turned to a when preceded by an a, and the "he" pronominal suffix. The passive conjugation of defective verbs will be covered soon.

 

Examples:

Passive

Active

yuktab(u)

يُكْتَبُ

yaktub(u)

يَكْتُبُ

≡ (he/it) is/becomes written by somebody

≡ (he/it) is being/becoming written by somebody

≡ (he/it) will be/become written by somebody

(he) writes

(he) is writing

(he) will write

yu"raf(u)

يُعْرَفُ

ya"rif(u)

يَعْرِفُ

≡ (he/it) is/becomes known by somebody

≡ (he/it) will be/become known by somebody

(he) knows

(he) will know

yusaa"ad(u)

يُسَاْعَدُ

yusaa"id(u)

يُسَاْعِدُ

≡ (he/it) is/becomes helped by somebody

≡ (he/it) is being/becoming helped by somebody

≡ (he/it) will be/become helped by somebody

(he) helps

(he) is helping

(he) will help

yuhdar(u)

يُحْضَرُ

yuhdir(u)

يُحْضِرُ

≡ (he/it) is/becomes brought by somebody

≡ (he/it) is being/becoming brought by somebody

≡ (he/it) will be/become brought by somebody

(he) brings

(he) is bringing

(he) will bring

yuta"allam(u)

يُتَعَلَّمُ

yata"allam(u)

يَتَعَلَّمُ

≡ (he/it) is/becomes learnt by somebody

≡ (he/it) is being/becoming learnt by somebody

≡ (he/it) will be/become learnt by somebody

(he) learns

(he) is learning

(he) will learn

yuktashaf(u)

يُكْتَشَفُ

yaktashif(u)

يَكْتَشِفُ

≡ (he/it) is/becomes discovered by somebody

≡ (he/it) is being/becoming discovered by somebody

≡ (he/it) will be/become discovered by somebody

(he) discovers

(he) is discovering

(he) will discover

yusta"mal(u)

يُسْتَعْمَلُ

yasta"mil(u)

يَسْتَعْمِلُ

≡ (he/it) is/becomes used by somebody

≡ (he/it) is being/becoming used by somebody

≡ (he/it) will be/become used by somebody

(he) uses

(he) is using

(he) will use

yuzakhraf(u)

يُزَخْرَفُ

yuzakhrif(u)

يُزَخْرِفُ

≡ (he/it) is/becomes embroidered by somebody

≡ (he/it) is being/becoming embroidered by somebody

≡ (he/it) will be/become embroidered by somebody

(he) embroiders

(he) is embroidering

(he) will embroider

 

Passive imperfective verbs take pronominal prefixes and suffixes and mood-signs regularly and just like their active counterparts.

 

 

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