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Demonstratives (continued)

 

2. Middle Demonstratives

Middle demonstratives are used to refer to things that are neither near nor far but in between. They are obtained by adding a -k(a)  كَ suffix to the basic forms of demonstratives.

This letter kaaf is called the "vocative kaaf" كَاْفُ الْخِطَاْبِ .

 

Demonstratives Attached to Vocative kaaf

(Masc. Sing.)

أَسْمَاْءُ الإِشَاْرَةِ مُتَّصِلَةً بِكَاْفِ الْخِطَاْبِ (لِلْمُفْرَدِ الْمُذَكَّرِ)

That (masc. sing.)

thaak(a)

ذَاْكَ

That (fem. sing.)

theek(a)

ذِيْكَ

Those (masc. dual)

thaanik(a)

(subject)

ذَاْنِكَ

thaynik(a)

(object)

ذَيْنِكَ

Those (fem. dual)

taanik(a)

(subject)

تَاْنِكَ

taynik(a)

(object)

تَيْنِكَ

 Those (plu.)

'ulaa'ik(a)

أُولائِكَ

'ulaak(a)

أُولاكَ

 

Only two of all the feminine singular demonstratives can take vocative kaaf.

 

theek(a)

ذِيْكَ

teek(a)

تِيْكَ

 

Now here is the ugliest part, since this suffix is a "vocative kaaf," it will change in form according to which person is being addressed with the sentence. These changes are very much a classical aspect of Arabic rather than a modern one.

 

Demonstratives Attached to Vocative kaaf

(Addressing Fem. Sing.)

أَسْمَاْءُ الإِشَاْرَةِ مُتَّصِلَةً بِكَاْفِ الْخِطَاْبِ (لِلْمُفْرَدَةِ الْمُؤَنَّثَةِ)

That (masc. sing.)

thaak(i)

ذَاْكِ

That (fem. sing.)

theek(i)

ذِيْكِ

Those (masc. dual)

thaanik(i)

(subject)

ذَاْنِكِ

thaynik(i)

(object)

ذَيْنِكِ

Those (fem. dual)

taanik(i)

(subject)

تَاْنِكِ

taynik(i)

(object)

تَيْنِكِ

 Those (plu.)

'ulaa'ik(i)

أُولائِكِ

'ulaak(i)

أُولاكِ

 

Demonstratives Attached to Vocative kaaf

(Addressing Dual)

أَسْمَاْءُ الإِشَاْرَةِ مُتَّصِلَةً بِكَاْفِ الْخِطَاْبِ (لِلْمُثَنَّىْ)

That (masc. sing.)

thaakumaa

ذَاْكُمَاْ

That (fem. sing.)

theekumaa

ذِيْكُمَاْ

Those (masc. dual)

thaanikumaa

(subject)

ذَاْنِكُمَاْ

thaynikumaa

(object)

ذَيْنِكُمَاْ

Those (fem. dual)

taanikumaa

(subject)

تَاْنِكُمَاْ

taynikumaa

(object)

تَيْنِكُمَاْ

 Those (plu.)

'ulaa'ikumaa

أُولائِكُمَاْ

'ulaakumaa

أُولاكُمَاْ

 

Demonstratives Attached to Vocative kaaf

(Addressing Masc. Plu.)

أَسْمَاْءُ الإِشَاْرَةِ مُتَّصِلَةً بِكَاْفِ الْخِطَاْبِ (لِجَمْعِ الْمُذَكَّرِ)

That (masc. sing.)

thaakum

ذَاْكُمْ

That (fem. sing.)

theekum

ذِيْكُمْ

Those (masc. dual)

thaanikum

(subject)

ذَاْنِكُمْ

thaynikum

(object)

ذَيْنِكُمْ

Those (fem. dual)

taanikum

(subject)

تَاْنِكُمْ

taynikum

(object)

تَيْنِكُمْ

 Those (plu.)

'ulaa'ikum

أُولائِكُمْ

'ulaakum

أُولاكُمْ

 

Demonstratives Attached to Vocative kaaf

(Addressing Fem. Plu.)

أَسْمَاْءُ الإِشَاْرَةِ مُتَّصِلَةً بِكَاْفِ الْخِطَاْبِ (لِجَمْعِ الْمُؤَنَّثِ)

That (masc. sing.)

thaakunn(a)

ذَاْكُنَّ

That (fem. sing.)

theekunn(a)

ذِيْكُنَّ

Those (masc. dual)

thaanikunn(a)

(subject)

ذَاْنِكُنَّ

thaynikunn(a)

(object)

ذَيْنِكُنَّ

Those (fem. dual)

taanikunn(a)

(subject)

تَاْنِكُنَّ

taynikunn(a)

(object)

تَيْنِكُنَّ

 Those (plu.)

'ulaa'ikunn(a)

أُولائِكُنَّ

'ulaakunn(a)

أُولاكُنَّ

 

 

It is possible to add the attention haa'< ( haa- هَـ ) to middle demonstratives, so that the basic demonstratives will have two letters attached in the following manner:

 

That (masc. sing.)

haathaak(a)

هَذَاْكَ

That (fem. sing.)

haateek(a)

هَاْتِيْكَ

Those (masc. dual)

haathaanik(a)

(subject)

هَذَاْنِكَ

haathayn(i)

(object)

هَذَيْنِكَ

Those (fem. dual)

haataanik(a)

(subject)

هَاْتَاْنِكَ

haataynik(a)

(object)

هَاْتَيْنِكَ

 Those (plu.)

haa'ulaa'ik(a)

هَؤُلائِكَ

The "vocative kaaf" in those demonstratives will also be changeable according to which person is being addressed. The changing of the kaaf will be identical to that which was shown above.

 

 

 

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