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Demonstratives (continued)

Place Demonstratives

Place demonstratives also belong to the "nouns of pointing" أَسْماءُ الإِشارَةِ. Therefore, they are also three types (near, middle, and far).

 

1. Near Place Demonstratives

The near place demonstrative that is used in Modern Standard Arabic is:

 

Here

هُناْ
hunaa

 

Other classical, near demonstratives are the following:

Here hannaa هَنَّاْ
hinnaa هِنَّاْ
hannat هَنَّتْ
hanee هَنِيْ

 

With the addition of haa'< of attention   هَاْءُ التَّنْبِيْهِ:

 

Here

haahunaa

هَهُنَاْ

haahannaa

هَهَنَّاْ

haahinnaa

هَهِنَّاْ

haahanee

هَهَنِيْ

 

 

2. Middle Place Demonstratives

Those are obtained by adding the "vocative kaaf"  كَاْفُ الْخِطَاْبِ . They refer to things that are neither near nor far but in between.

 

There

هُنَاْكَ

hunaak(a)

 

Classical ones:

 

There

hannaak(a)

هَنَّاْكَ

hinnaak(a)

هِنَّاْكَ

 

With haa'< of attention   هَاْءُ التَّنْبِيْهِ:

 

There

Haahunaak(a)

هَهُنَاْكَ

haahinnaak(a)

هَهَنَّاْكَ

haahannaak(a)

هَهِنَّاْكَ

 

3. Far Place Demonstratives

Those are all used in modern Arabic.

 

There

thamm(a)

ثَمَّ

thammat(a)

ثَمَّةَ

hunaalik(a)

هُنَاْلِكَ

 

The last one contains the laam of distance  لامُ الْبُعْدِ.

 

Examples:

نَحْنُ هُنَاْ

nahn(u) hunaa

 

= we (are) here

Translation: we are here

 

هُنَاْكَ أَمْرٌ آخَرُ

hunaak(a) 'amr(un) 'aakhar(u)

 

= there (is) a thing other

Translation: there is another thing

 

ثَمَّةَ مُشْكِلَةٌ عَوِيْصَةٌ

thammat(a) mushkila(tun) "aweesa(tun)

= there (is) a problem a difficult

Translation: there is a difficult problem

 

 

 

 

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